Climate
Mongolia’s climate is very dry with extreme continental temperatures. Humid
air from the Atlantic and pacific Oceans are blocked by the huge Central Asian
mountain ranges. Although Mongolian winters are long and famously cold, with
temperatures dropping as low as -50°C in the far north of the country, summers
are generally pleasant. (See Table1)
The mean temperature falls below freezing for seven to eight months of the
year.
For two or three months in summer, the weather is warm and pleasant and relatively hot in the southern Gobi region, where mid summer temperatures peak at around 40 degrees and there is little shade available.
Winter usually lasts from mod-October until April, with the coldest period
being between mid-December and the end of February or mid-March when the
temperature drops to –20 or -30°C and occasionally even lower. Snow usually
falls between mid-October and mid-April. There are some regions, especially in
the northwest, where the temperature goes down to –40 to -50°C. In the Gobi it
drops to -40°C.
Spring, which generally starts in March, is known for its constant dust storms
and huge fluctuations in air pressure. The steppe gradually starts to sprout
fresh, green pasture and even in the capital, the change is both visible and
welcome.
Summer evenings in the Western Altai range tend to be cooler and local nomads
have to wear warm and heavy clothes.
The annual rian fall begins in late July and continues until September.
Humidity winter. But in the country the number of sunny days ranges between 220
and 260 a year.
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